Olink Explore HT uses the Proximity Extension Assay (PEA). Each protein is recognized by a pair of antibodies, each carrying a short DNA tag. Only when both antibodies bind the same protein do the tags come close enough to join and be extended into a unique DNA barcode. The barcodes are amplified by PCR, indexed per sample and counted by NGS.
Because a signal needs two antibodies binding together, PEA keeps cross-reactivity low: in Olink’s Explore HT validation data (2023), 5,389 of 5,416 assays (99.5%) showed no cross-reactivity in a test pool of 179 closely related proteins. Results are reported as Normalized Protein eXpression (NPX), a relative unit on a log2 scale that compares each protein across your samples.
For background on the technology, see Olink PEA technology.